■Raspberry Pi 4B(Ubuntu 20.04)にKVMを導入する。
$ awk -F: '/Model|Hardware/{print $NF}' /proc/cpuinfo
BCM2835
Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4
$ lsb_release -d
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
$ uname -r -m
5.4.0-1018-raspi aarch64
■あと4.5年ほどの通常サポート期間のOS。
$ w3m -dump "https://www.ubuntulinux.jp/ubuntu" | grep -A 2 -B 3 20.04
┌─────────────────┬──────────┬──────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
│コードネーム │バージョン│リリース日 │サポート期限 │
├─────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
│Focal Fossa │20.04 LTS │2020年4月23日 │2025年4月(通常) │
│ │ │ │2030年4月(ESM) │
├─────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
■KVMが有効になっていることを確認
$ dmesg | grep kvm
[ 0.897886] kvm [1]: IPA Size Limit: 44bits
[ 0.898809] kvm [1]: vgic interrupt IRQ1
[ 0.899022] kvm [1]: Hyp mode initialized successfully
■aarch64向けのqemuを探す
$ apt-cache search ^qemu.*aarch64
qemu-efi-aarch64 - UEFI firmware for 64-bit ARM virtual machines
qemu-system-arm - QEMU full system emulation binaries (arm)
■aarch64 arm用でqemu-system-aarch64を指定すると、qemu-system-armとしてインストールされる。
$ apt-cache show qemu-system-arm | lsec ^Desc.*en
Description-en: QEMU full system emulation binaries (arm)
QEMU is a fast processor emulator: currently the package supports
ARM emulation. By using dynamic translation it achieves
reasonable speed while being easy to port on new host CPUs.
.
This package provides the full system emulation binaries to emulate
the following arm hardware: aarch64 arm.
.
In system emulation mode QEMU emulates a full system, including a processor
and various peripherals. It enables easier testing and debugging of system
code. It can also be used to provide virtual hosting of several virtual
machines on a single server.
Description-en: QEMU full system emulation binaries (arm)
QEMU is a fast processor emulator: currently the package supports
ARM emulation. By using dynamic translation it achieves
reasonable speed while being easy to port on new host CPUs.
.
This package provides the full system emulation binaries to emulate
the following arm hardware: aarch64 arm.
.
In system emulation mode QEMU emulates a full system, including a processor
and various peripherals. It enables easier testing and debugging of system
code. It can also be used to provide virtual hosting of several virtual
machines on a single server.
■qemuのインストール
$ sudo apt-get install -y qemu-system-aarch64
$ dpkg -l | awk '$1 ~ /ii/&&$2 ~/qemu/{printf "%-35s %-40s %-10s\n",$2,$3,$4}'
ipxe-qemu 1.0.0+git-20190109.133f4c4-0ubuntu3.2 all
ipxe-qemu-256k-compat-efi-roms 1.0.0+git-20150424.a25a16d-0ubuntu4 all
qemu-block-extra:arm64 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 arm64
qemu-efi-aarch64 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3 all
qemu-efi-arm 0~20191122.bd85bf54-2ubuntu3 all
qemu-system-arm 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 arm64
qemu-system-common 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 arm64
qemu-system-data 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 all
qemu-system-gui:arm64 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 arm64
qemu-utils 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6 arm64
■QEMUのバージョン確認
$ ls -l /usr/bin/qemu*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1974648 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-img
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1933896 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-io
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1930248 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-nbd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 722328 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-pr-helper
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18305048 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17239584 9月 15 23:02 /usr/bin/qemu-system-arm
$ qemu-system-aarch64 -version
QEMU emulator version 4.2.1 (Debian 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.6)
Copyright (c) 2003-2019 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers
■aspberry Pi 4BのCPUはCortex-A72なので対応していることを確認
$ sudo dmesg | awk '/[Cc]ortex/'
[ 0.897682] hw perfevents: enabled with armv8_cortex_a72 PMU driver, 7 counters available
$ qemu-system-aarch64 -cpu help -machine virt | awk '/:|cortex-a72/'
Available CPUs:
cortex-a72
■KVM用のブリッジネットワーク準備
$ sudo apt-get install -y bridge-utils
$ brctl show
■virt-managerを探してインストール
libvirtグループに自動追加されたユーザはvirshコマンドが使える。
$ apt-cache search libvirt0;apt-cache search ^virt-manager
libvirt0 - library for interfacing with different virtualization systems
virt-manager - 仮想マシン管理用デスクトップアプリケーション
$ sudo apt-get install -y libvirt0 virt-manager
$ grep libvirt /etc/group
libvirt:x:138:ubuntu,labunix
libvirt-qemu:x:64055:libvirt-qemu
libvirt-dnsmasq:x:139:
$ virsh list
Id Name State
--------------------
$ sudo systemctl list-units --type=service | grep libvirt
libvirt-guests.service loaded active exited Suspend/Resume Running libvirt Guests
libvirtd.service loaded active running Virtualization daemon
■システムの再起動
$ sudo shutdown -r now && exit
■起動後のブリッジネットワーク。
仮想マシンマネージャが起動したら、あとはお好きなように。
$ brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
virbr0 8000.5254005d3558 yes virbr0-nic
